4-1BBL (4-1BB ligand) is a type II membrane protein of the TNF superfamily, is expressed on antigen-presenting cells. 4-1BB with 4-1BBL can induce T-cell expansion, cytokine induction, differentiation, and upregulation of anti-apoptotic genes as well as protect T cells from activation-induced cell death (AICD) [1]. 4-1BBL stimulates T cell proliferation and induces effective anti-tumor immune responses[3]. 4-1BBL is an immunostimulant molecule that interacts with the 4-1BB high-affinity receptor during the antigen presentation, providing costimulatory signals to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through the activation of NF-kB, c-Jun, and p38 downstream pathways, triggering pleiotropic effects on the immune system[4]. 4-1BBL/TNFSF9 Protein, Human is a recombinant protein consisting of 184 amino acids (R71-E254) and is produced in E. coli.
